Arab Republic of Egypt
This article is about the modern country. For the ancient realm, see Ancient Egypt.
Arab Republic of Egypt
Ǧumhūriyyat Maṣr al-ʿArabiyyah
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem:
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"Bilady, Bilady, Bilady"
"My country, my country, my country"
Capital
and largest city Cairo
30°2′N 31°13′E
Official languages Arabic[a]
Demonym Egyptian
Government Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
Legislature Parliament[c]
- Upper house Shura Council
- Lower house House of Representatives
Establishment
- Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt c. 3200 BC
- Independence from the United Kingdom 28 February 1922
- Declaration of the Republic 18 June 1953
- Secession from the United Arab Republic 28 September 1961
- Egyptian Revolution[1] 25 January 2011
- Current Constitution 26 December 2012 Area
- Total 1,002,450 km2 (30th) 387,048 sq mi
- Water (%) 0.632 Population
- 2012 estimate 90 million (82 million inside + 8 million abroad)[2][3] (15th)
- 2006 census 76,699,427 (total)[4] incl. 3,901,396 abroad
- Density Real density:[b] 2,755.2/km2 (38th) 7,136/sq mi Arithmetic density: 76.3/km2 (126th 197.5/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2012 estimate
- Total $533.739 billion[5]
- Per capita $6,594[5]GDP (nominal) 2012 estimate
- Total $252.458 billion[5]
- Per capita $3,118[5] Gini (2008) 30.8[6] (medium) HDI (2011) 0.644[7] (medium / 113th)Currency Egyptian pound (EGP)
Time zone EET (UTC+2 (No DST Since 2011))
Drives on the right
Calling code +20
ISO 3166 code EG
Internet TLD .eg,
a.^ Literary Arabic is the sole official language.[8] Egyptian Arabic is the national spoken language. Other dialects and minority languages are spoken regionally.
b.^ Densities are based on 2006 population figures. The gap between arithmetic and real densities is due to the fact that 98% of Egyptians live on 3% of the territory.[9]
c.^ Parliament dissolved as of 11 February 2011; Supreme Council of the Armed Forces presently holds legislative power.
d.^ On 8 July 2012, Egypt's new president Mohamed Morsi said that he's overriding a military edict that dissolved the country's elected parliament and calling on lawmakers back into session.[10]
Egypt i/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ (Arabic: Miṣr officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: (help·info)), is a transcontinental country situated mainly within North Africa, with its Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East, and the 15th most populated in the world. The great majority of its over 82 million people[3] live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only
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